Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works
type: channel
description: Research Journal aspire to select, through peer review, the highest quality economic papers. To achieve this, the entire peer review and publication process must be thorough, objective and fair. Almost every aspect of this process involves important ethical principles and decisions. Journals reputations depends on the trust of the readers, authors and researchers. This trust is enhanced through the journal’s policies to ensure the ethical treatment of all participants in the publication process. Fora peer-reviewed journal, the publication of articles plays an essential role in the development of a coherent network of knowledge. It is, therefore, essential that all publishers, editors, authors, and reviewers, in the process of publishing the journals, conduct themselves in accordance with the highest level of professional ethics and standards.
publisher: THE KNOWLEDGE TREE
language: en-US
publication name: Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works
issn: 3006-4716
items: The Impact of Social Media on Gen Z's Mental Health: A Multifaceted Examination of Self-Diagnosis, Glamorization, and Online Behaviors
items: Mindsets and Emotions: Understanding Cognitive Distortions and Emotional Intelligence
items: LEGAL PATHWAYS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION: A CROSS-JURISDICTIONAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
items: Early Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Indicators of Social Interaction Outcomes in Children with Autism
items: Rise of Populism and Nationalism in International Relations: Implications and Challenges
items: The Role of Instagram Stories in Influencing Consumer Engagement with Beauty Brands: A Comparative Analysis
items: Learning in the Shadow of Climate Change: Educational Challenges and Leadership Responses in Pakistan
items: The Intergenerational Transmission of Maternal Codependency and its Impact on the Self-Esteem and Self-Concept Clarity of Eldest Daughters
items: Students’ Perceptions of Teacher Interaction in the English Classroom: A Gender-Based Study
items: Digital Literacy as a Mediating Variable: Assessing the Internet's Transformative Impact on Mainstream Media Engagement among University of Swat
items: Cancer and Family Dynamics: The Role of Social Worker in Supporting Pakistani Cancer Patients Families
items: Trump’s 20-Point Peace Plan for Gaza: Implications for Palestine
items: Decision Fatigue in the Digital Era: Are AI Solutions Curing the Disease or Just Numbing the Symptoms?
items: Social Work and Human Rights in Disaster Relief: Advocating for Vulnerable Populations Post-Disaster: A case study of Pakistan
items: The Sociology of Legal Aid in Pakistan: Bridging the Gap between Law and Marginalized Communities
items: The 10-Marla Mandate: Socio-Economic Impacts of PEF's 2026 Infrastructure Compliance Policy
items: Faculty Satisfaction in their Trifocal Tasks Teaching, Research, and Services: A Gender and Designation Wise Comparison
items: Nature and Ecological Consciousness in Wordsworth’s Poetry: An Ecolinguistic Analysis
items: Individualization and Mental Well-Being among Youth: The Mediating Role of Social Disembedding
items: Exploring Teachers’ Role in Promoting Students’ Mental Health and Emotional Well Being in Secondary Schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
items: Constitutional Guarantees and Social Realities: Christian Minority Rights and the Prospects of Muslim–Christian Interfaith Harmony in Pakistan
items: From Fun to Function: Examining the Sequential Roles of Creative Self-Efficacy and Intrapreneurial Intention in Translating Workplace Fun into Employee Intrapreneurial Behavior
items: Traumatic Impact of Dust Bowl in Hannah’s The Four Winds: A Psychoanalytic Critique
items: Consumer Satisfaction as a Function of Strategic Management Practices: Evidence from Pakistani Firms
items: Prevalence of Learners with Speech and Language Impairments in Communication Skills at the Elementary Level
items: Freedom of Expression in the Digital age: Effect of Prevention of Electronic Crime Act (PECA) on Pakistani Media
items: An Introduction to Pakistan Electronic Crime Act
items: The Impact of Forced Migration on Socio-Economic Condition of Migrants “A Case Study of District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa”
items: Munir Ahmad Badini as a Drama Writer: An Analytical Study
items: The Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short Form: Urdu Translation and Validation in Pakistani Culture
items: Serving Vessels and Social Archaeology: Interpreting Pedestaled Ceramics of the Indus Civilization
items: Tradition and Transformation: Social Change in Rural Pakhtun Society
items: The Role of Showbiz Towards Erupting Extremism and Liberalism A Sociological Analysis of Pakistani Culture and Showbiz
items: “A Comparative Study to Assess Effects of Social Media (Facebook) on Academic Performance among Extrovert and Introvert Personality Females of Government Medical University Student aged (18 – 25)”
items: A Translanguaging Investigation of International Students Experience with Urdu and English as their non-native Language in a Private University in Lahore
items: Balancing Global and Local: English Language Policy and Cultural Preservation in the Philippines
items: Traditional Sociological Myths and Social Exclusion: Examining the Moderating Role of Education, Media Exposure, and Social Awareness in Sindh
items: Algorithmic Mediation and Student Creativity: Large Language Models, Academic Writing, and the Convergence of Ideas in Irish Higher Education
items: A Comparative Analysis of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Laws in Pakistan and the United Kingdom
items: Teacher Training in Digital Media for Special Education: Developing Skills in Accessibility, Content Creation, and Inclusive Technologies
items: Book Review: Literature and the Experience of Globalisation: Texts Without Borders by Svend Erik Larsen
items: Self-Perception, Behavioural, and Peer Relationship Problems in Adolescents in Public Schools of Karachi
items: An Investigation of Teachers’ Attitudes and Beliefs towards Differentiated Instruction for Students with Disabilities
items: Investment Efficiency and Stock Price Crash Risk: Unveiling Board Governance amidst Informative Asymmetry
items: Narratives of Trauma: Rejection and Psychological Disintegration in Elif Shafak’s 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World
items: A Systematic Review on Intervention for Managing Embitterment
items: The Role of Showbiz Towards Erupting Extremism and Liberalism
items: The Content Analysis of the Drama Serial “Razia” Focusing On Gender Stereotyping
items: From Deterrence to Disequilibrium: Rethinking Nuclear Proliferation in a Multipolar World
items: Perceived Attitudes of Peers towards Students with Disabilities: An Examination of the Experiences and Social Interactions of Students with Disabilities in Higher Education Settings

The Impact of Social Media on Gen Z's Mental Health: A Multifaceted Examination of Self-Diagnosis, Glamorization, and Online Behaviors
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of social media has transformed how young adults engage with mental health information, often blurring the boundaries between awareness, glamorization, and self-diagnosis. This study investigated the relationships among social media use for mental health, glamorization of mental illness, self-diagnosis, and maladaptive online behaviors among Pakistani university students, with a focus on gender differences. Using a cross-sectional design (N = 162), the study employed correlational and regression analyses to test five hypotheses. The results demonstrated that greater social media use for mental health was positively associated with self-diagnosis (r = .277, p < .01; Table 7), supporting Hypothesis 1. Glamorization of mental illness predicted higher levels of self-diagnosis (r = .388, p < .01) and maladaptive online behaviors (r = .606, p < .01), with self-diagnosis mediating this relationship (Table 7), confirming Hypothesis 2. . Regression analyses (Tables 8–10) revealed that both social media use (β = .39, t = 6.11, p < .001) and glamorization (β = .43, t = 6.75, p < .001) significantly predicted maladaptive online behaviors. Regression analyses (Tables 8–10) revealed that both social media use (β = .39, t = 6.11, p < .001) and glamorization (β = .43, t = 6.75, p < .001) significantly predicted maladaptive online behaviors, explaining nearly half of the variance (R² = .488, F(2, 159) = 75.69, p < .001), supporting Hypothesis 3.Gender-specific analyses (Tables 12 and 13) revealed that glamorization was more strongly correlated with self-diagnosis among males (r = .470, p = .002) than females (r = .355, p < .01), partially supporting Hypothesis 4. However, the indirect effect of glamorization on maladaptive online behaviors through self-diagnosis was stronger for females, as indicated by their higher correlations between social media use and online behaviors (r = .717, p < .01) compared to males (r = .304, p = .053), supporting Hypothesis 5. These…
creator: Prof. Dr. Leenah Ãskaree
creator: Sabahat Lakhani
creator: Alishba Nadeem
creator: Fazila Fatima
creator: Munazza Akhter
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works
date: 2026-01-01
publication date: 2026-01-01
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 1
ending page: 33
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1 (2026).485

Mindsets and Emotions: Understanding Cognitive Distortions and Emotional Intelligence
type: item
description: The study investigates the relationship between cognitive distortions and emotional intelligence (EI) in shaping coping strategies among university students. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 150 participants (aged 15 and above) who completed an online survey through the Cognitive Distortions Scale (Briere, 2000) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Goleman, 1995). We examined whether individuals with higher EI are more accurate in identifying cognitive distortions and more effective in problem-solving when confronted with distorted thinking. Results indicated that while participants reported moderate levels of cognitive distortions, their EI scores were relatively high, suggesting that emotional competencies may buffer against maladaptive thought patterns. Consistent with Hypothesis 1 (H1), findings revealed a negative association between cognitive distortions and EI, supporting the view that higher levels of distorted thinking are linked to lower emotional intelligence, and vice versa. In addition, Hypothesis 2 (H2) proposed that gender moderates this relationship, with men showing stronger effects in the regulation branch of EI and women in the perception and understanding branches. We used Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlations, and regression models, which revealed that while cognitive distortions were reported at moderate levels, participants demonstrated relatively high EI scores. Gender differences in cognitive distortions were negligible, though males showed slightly higher variance in EI. Correlational findings indicated a weak, negative, but non-significant association between cognitive distortions and EI, suggesting that while conceptually related, the constructs may interact indirectly through mediating factors such as coping styles or personality traits. Limitations include reliance on self-report measures, convenience sampling, and cross-sectional design, which restrict causal i…
creator: Prof. Dr. Leenah Ãskaree
creator: Rimsha Riaz
creator: Hamna Ilyas
creator: Alina Faizyab
creator: Hafsa Basharat
creator: Fizza Jawed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works
date: 2026-01-05
publication date: 2026-01-05
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 34
ending page: 60
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.487

LEGAL PATHWAYS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION: A CROSS-JURISDICTIONAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
type: item
description: Climate change presents one of the most pressing global challenges, requiring coordinated legal and policy responses across jurisdictions. This research undertakes a comparative analysis of legal frameworks for climate change mitigation, focusing on how different countries and regions design, implement, and enforce climate-related laws. The study examines international agreements such as the Paris Agreement alongside national legislation, regulatory instruments, and market-based mechanisms to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By analyzing enforcement strategies, compliance mechanisms, and the integration of climate policies into broader governance structures, the research highlights both strengths and shortcomings in existing legal pathways. Special attention is given to the role of courts, administrative bodies, and civil society in shaping climate governance. The findings aim to identify best practices, innovative approaches, and areas requiring reform, ultimately offering recommendations for harmonizing legal frameworks and enhancing global cooperation. This comparative perspective contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable development and provides actionable insights for policymakers, legal scholars, and international organizations seeking to strengthen climate change mitigation efforts.
creator: Prof. Dr. Hk Iftikhar Ahmed (Advocate)
creator: Dr. Waqar Ahmed
creator: Syed Mobin Wali Mehdi
creator: Dr. Aminullah
creator: Muhammad Naeem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-10
publication date: 2026-01-10
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 61
ending page: 70
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.504

Early Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Indicators of Social Interaction Outcomes in Children with Autism
type: item
description: Among Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) characteristics, social interaction difficulties are a primary cause of functional outcomes over the long term. The current literature is pointing towards growing evidence that cognitive, behavioral and emotional characteristics that develop early on are highly influential in determining the course of social interactions, but these factors are often studied individually, which restricts the knowledge of how these factors interact to affect each other. The empirical research design selected in the current study was quantitative in nature to study the level at which early cognitive, behavioral, and emotional predictors determine the result of social interaction in children with ASD. The design used was cross-sectional and the sample included 280 children aged 3-8 years with a verified ASD diagnosis. Standard caregiver-report and clinician-observation measures were used to assess early cognitive indicators (attention regulation, executive functioning and early language skills), behavioral indicators (joint attention, imitation and play skills) and emotional indicators (emotion regulation, emotion recognition and social motivation). The results of social interaction were measured in terms of reciprocal social communication, peer interaction, and social responsiveness areas. Correlation, multiple regression and hierarchical regression analyses were done to analyze data. Findings were that the three developmental domains had strong correlations with the social interaction outcomes. The social interaction competence was accounted by the collective contribution of early cognitive, behavioral, and emotional indicators (56). Behavioral indicators proved to be the most important predictors and then emotional and cognitive indicators, which each bring specific variance to the model. These results confirm a multidimensional, transactional early social development model of autism and the relevance of comprehensive, developmentally sensitive ev…
creator: Muhammad Abiad Ullah
creator: Usman Ali
creator: Dr. Kahlid Mahmood Bhatti
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 71
ending page: 95
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.506

Rise of Populism and Nationalism in International Relations: Implications and Challenges
type: item
description: This paper critically examines the rise of populism and nationalism in international relations, situating these forces within the broader crisis of liberal democracy and globalization. Populism, understood as a political logic that juxtaposes “the people” against “the elite,” and nationalism, emphasizing sovereignty and collective identity, have increasingly shaped foreign policy across diverse contexts. Drawing on theoretical frameworks of realism, liberal institutionalism, and constructivism, the study analyzes how populism and nationalism disrupt established norms, weaken multilateral institutions, and reconfigure global governance. The analysis identifies key drivers of these phenomena, including economic inequality, globalization backlash, migration and identity politics, democratic erosion, and the transformative role of digital media. Case studies of the United States, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Hungary, and India illustrate the concrete manifestations of populist‑nationalist foreign policies, highlighting common themes of retreat from multilateralism, personalization of diplomacy, and emphasis on sovereignty. The paper further explores implications for security, economic integration, climate governance, and migration regimes, underscoring the destabilizing effects on collective action. While acknowledging critical perspectives that view populism and nationalism as corrective forces democratizing foreign policy debates, the paper concludes that their cumulative impact is destabilizing. Future trajectories suggest scenarios ranging from multipolar populism to hybrid governance, with profound consequences for global order.
creator: Prof. Dr. Samina Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-21
publication date: 2026-01-21
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 96
ending page: 109
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.507

The Role of Instagram Stories in Influencing Consumer Engagement with Beauty Brands: A Comparative Analysis
type: item
description: Social media has revolutionized marketing for beauty brands globally, and Instagram is a prime example, serving as a virtual beauty counter where consumer choices are greatly influenced. This study focuses on comparing how Instagram Stories affect consumer engagement with local high-end and drugstore beauty brands. Using a mixed-methods approach, we gathered both quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback from consumers. The findings reveal that Instagram Stories significantly boost engagement for all brands, albeit in different ways: high-end brands use them to highlight quality and luxury, while drugstore brands emphasize affordability and promotions. The study reveals that consumer engagement is positively correlated with the narrative quality, content frequency, and viewer interactivity of the stories. These insights contribute to the growing body of knowledge on digital marketing within the beauty industry, while also offering actionable strategies for brand managers aiming to optimize their social media presence for increased market engagement.
creator: Sara Javaid
creator: Sumaira Rehman
creator: Uzma Kashif
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-21
publication date: 2026-01-21
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 110
ending page: 122
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.508

Learning in the Shadow of Climate Change: Educational Challenges and Leadership Responses in Pakistan
type: item
description: Climate change poses profound threats to education systems worldwide, with developing countries bearing disproportionate risks. Pakistan, consistently ranked among the most climate-vulnerable nations, has witnessed severe floods, heatwaves, and environmental degradation that disrupt education at scale. This study investigates how school principals perceive and respond to climate-induced challenges in Pakistan’s educational sector. Drawing on qualitative interviews with principals from private and a public school, the research employs thematic analysis to identify key issues related to infrastructure resilience, student and teacher well-being, curriculum adaptations, and policy awareness. Findings reveal that both schools struggle with climate-induced disruptions but differ in capacity and resources to respond. Leadership emerges as a critical factor in sustaining learning during crises, though systemic policy and infrastructural gaps persist. The study contributes to resilience and sustainable education literature by situating Pakistan’s experience within global debates. It recommends integrating climate education into curricula, expanding teacher training, investing in resilient infrastructure, and empowering principals as frontline leaders of adaptation. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored interventions that prepare educational institutions in climate-vulnerable contexts to sustain equitable and quality learning.
creator: Tasneem Saifuddin
creator: Anees Fatima
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-22
publication date: 2026-01-22
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 123
ending page: 133
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.509

The Intergenerational Transmission of Maternal Codependency and its Impact on the Self-Esteem and Self-Concept Clarity of Eldest Daughters
type: item
description: The present study aimed to assess relationship of codependency in mothers and their firstborn daughters, and to examine the relationship between mother codependency of daughters, their self-esteem and self-concept clarity. A correlational research design was employed, and participants were recruited through a purposive sampling. The Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale was administered on both mothers and daughters. Additionally, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Self-Concept Clarity Scale were administered on daughters. Results of correlation indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between the codependency of mothers and their daughters (r= .70, p< .001), reflecting intergenerational presence of codependency. Pearson correlations revealed that codependency was negatively correlated with self-concept clarity, while self-esteem was also significantly and negatively correlated with self-concept clarity. However, no significant relationship was observed between codependency and self-esteem. Simple linear regression analysis further showed that codependency significantly predicted self-concept clarity, with higher codependency scores associated with lower self-concept clarity. The intergenerational nature of codependency between mothers and daughters suggests that such relational dynamics may influence the development of daughters’ identity development. The results underscore the need for interventions aimed at strengthening self-concept clarity via fostering healthier family relationships.
creator: Khudaija Ejaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-22
publication date: 2026-01-22
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 134
ending page: 155
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.510

Students’ Perceptions of Teacher Interaction in the English Classroom: A Gender-Based Study
type: item
description: This paper has explored how secondary school students perceive teacher interaction in the English classroom, gender variation being the case of interest. A quantitative, descriptive-comparative research design was adopted, which included 1,350 students 675 male and 675 female students in Grades 8, 9, and 10 in government secondary schools of District Gujranwala in Pakistan. The standardized Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI-U) was used to collect the data and is a questionnaire that assesses teacher behaviors in eight subscales. These results showed that the students tended to see their teachers as supportive, understanding, helpful, and leadership-oriented, and admonishing, uncertainty, and dissatisfaction were rarely noticed. There was a gender analysis of male and female students where their perceptions were close with a slight difference where female students had a better perception of leadership. In general, the research paper reveals the significance of good and fair teacher relations in building appropriate, encouraging, and socially positive learning experiences. The results give an informational source to the educators and the policymakers to ultimately improve the interactions of the teachers and the students as well as to foster the development of the students as a whole being.
creator: Dr. Mobeen Ul Islam
creator: Umbreen Javed
creator: Shagufta Khalid
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-23
publication date: 2026-01-23
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 159
ending page: 169

Digital Literacy as a Mediating Variable: Assessing the Internet's Transformative Impact on Mainstream Media Engagement among University of Swat
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of internet adoption on mainstream media consumption patterns among students at the University of Swat. Framed within the theoretical perspective of the Uses and Gratifications theory, the research examines the shifting preferences and perceived utility of digital versus traditional media platforms. Employing a quantitative approach, data were collected via a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 100 students across diverse academic departments. The findings indicate a pronounced preference for the internet as a primary information medium, largely attributed to its perceived accessibility and utility for academic purposes. Consequently, the results demonstrate a significant displacement effect, with internet usage substantially exceeding engagement with traditional media outlets including television, radio, and newspapers for information gathering. The study concludes that the internet is redefining media consumption hierarchies within the student demographic, underscoring a critical transition towards digital-centric information ecosystems.
creator: Arshad Rehman
creator: Muhammad Farooq Afridi
creator: Dr. Sajjad Ali
creator: Abid Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-30
publication date: 2026-01-30
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 170
ending page: 180

Cancer and Family Dynamics: The Role of Social Worker in Supporting Pakistani Cancer Patients Families
type: item
description: Cancer has not only physical, but emotional stability, communication patterns and overall functioning of the families of the patient is often disrupted, which in turn causes increased stress, role conflict and financial strain. The burden on the family increases in Pakistan, particularly in Punjab, due to a scarcity of healthcare facilities and psychosocial support services, and excessive treatment cost, which is typically transferred to a family, who is expected to handle the role of a caregiver at home. The current study is a quantitative cross-sectional study, which aims at testing the connection between social work interventions and family dynamics. The study uses Chi-square test to examine nominal variables and evaluate the relationships between the results of social work services and family coping. This study identified 300 relatives of cancer patients in Pakistan to be participants in this study. The research population was narrowed down to the family members who were directly engaged with the patient i.e. spouse, parent, or adult children and were directly engaged with a patient who was receiving at least six months of cancer treatment. The structured questionnaire, which was split into four major parts, was used to obtain data. The first one collected demographic data, such as age, gender, connection with the patient, family income, and level of education. In the second section, the research was devoted to the attitudes and psychological effects of cancer on family members and the measurement of the psychological distress and emotional well-being by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Data obtained were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 26. The frequency distributions, percentages and mean scores as the descriptive statistics were used in order to summarize the demographic features of the participants and their most important variables. Also, the Chi-square test was employed to test the relationship between the access to social work interv…
creator: Dr. Sadia Rafi
creator: Dr. Mumtaz Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 181
ending page: 192
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.517

Trump’s 20-Point Peace Plan for Gaza: Implications for Palestine
type: item
description: The decades’ stricken issue of Palestine gained great momentum about two years and three months ago when tension got escalated between Hamas and Israel. The conflict has been lingering on for the last few decades but no viable solution has been carved out for the resolution of the dispute. Since then thousands of Palestinians have lost their lives besides getting injuries and loss to their infrastructure. Trump’s personal interest in the dispute has given it more momentum, vitality and projection at the international level by announcing his 20-Point Peace Plan for Gaza covering almost all aspects of the core issues between Palestine and Israel. The plan is a more comprehensive strategy encompassing governance and reconstruction, security and the future political horizon. Main objective of the study is to analyze the 20-Point Peace Plan for Gaza by Donald Trump, US President, for the resolution of conflict between Palestine and Israel and its implications for Palestine. Findings of the research study emphasize that resolution of conflict is fraught with many issues and challenges but sincere and dedicated efforts may help in bringing peace and stability in the Middle East.
creator: Saddam Sarwar
creator: Dr. Muhammad Tariq
creator: Naqash Rafique
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 193
ending page: 199
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.518

Decision Fatigue in the Digital Era: Are AI Solutions Curing the Disease or Just Numbing the Symptoms?
type: item
description: This article critically examines whether artificial intelligence (AI)–driven recommendation systems genuinely alleviate decision fatigue or instead undermine user agency by transforming active choice into passive acceptance. Drawing upon ego depletion theory and the paradox of choice, the study analyzes how digital platforms particularly Netflix and Foodpanda reshape decision-making processes through algorithmic curation. While such systems reduce immediate cognitive strain, they simultaneously foster behavioral predictability, reinforce echo chambers, and weaken users’ exploratory capacity. The article argues that contemporary platforms prioritize engagement-based metrics over long-term user satisfaction, resulting in a subtle form of learned helplessness. Finally, the study proposes an alternative design framework that reduces cognitive load while preserving autonomy, emphasizing transparency, controlled friction, and user-centered decision architectures.
creator: Mashal Zahra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 200
ending page: 202
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.521

Social Work and Human Rights in Disaster Relief: Advocating for Vulnerable Populations Post-Disaster: A case study of Pakistan
type: item
description: Natural disaster prevalence and severity have been on the rise in Pakistan, yet, post-disaster recovery actions are still inadequately satisfying the human rights of the vulnerable groups. Current disaster response strategies are mostly geared towards short-term humanitarian aid, emergency relief instead of safeguarding and satisfying the basic rights like access to proper housing, health services, food security, inclusion and honor. The following objectives of this study are as follows: To investigate the degree to which social work practices during post-disaster relief and recovery in Pakistan integrate human rights principles. To examine advocacy functions of social workers preserving and advancing the rights of vulnerable groups of people affected by the disaster in Pakistan. To find out the institutional, policy level, and socio-cultural barriers that impede effective rights-based social work interventions in post-disaster settings. To recommend social work strategies that are human rights oriented and can be used to empower disaster relief and recovery efforts on vulnerable Pakistan citizens. The research design used in this study was a qualitative case study research design, in order to investigate the manner in which social work practices apply to the operationalization of human rights principles in the post disaster relief to the vulnerable members of the Pakistani population. The researcher was driven by an interpretivist research philosophy focusing on studying social reality based on the opinions and lived experiences of the participants. The study was carried out in some of the disaster-affected areas in Pakistan, especially in those areas which were affected by floods and other hazards caused by climate. The population of the study included social work practitioners, members of community who were impacted by the disaster, the local leaders, and the main stakeholders engaged in the process of post-disaster relief and recovery. Participants who were rele…
creator: Dr. Mumtaz Ali
creator: Dr. Sadia Rafi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-03
publication date: 2026-02-03
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 202
ending page: 203
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.522

The Sociology of Legal Aid in Pakistan: Bridging the Gap between Law and Marginalized Communities
type: item
description: This article explores sociology of legal aid in Pakistan in terms of the structural, cultural and institutional barriers in which justice can be restricted against the marginalized communities. It examines the effects of poverty, illiteracy, gender disparity and the geographic distance on the legal awareness and interaction with the formal legal institutions. The study examines how the gaps can be filled through the state-sponsored legal aid, non-governmental organizations, and informal systems of justice. In employing the sociological perspective, the paper identifies power dynamics between the legal institutions and the vulnerable group and assesses the success of the current legal assistance structures to support social justice and legal empowerment in Pakistan.
creator: Abdul Wahab Ahmad
creator: Sehar Ijaz
creator: Mahtab Jamil Akhtar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 204
ending page: 214
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.523

The 10-Marla Mandate: Socio-Economic Impacts of PEF's 2026 Infrastructure Compliance Policy
type: item
description: This study looks into the major operational and socio-economic effect of the Punjab Education Foundation’s (PEF) 2024-2026 infrastructure plan (PEF | Welcome To Punjab Education Foundation, n.d.), especially focusing on the requirements that all schools must have at least 10 Marla of land. While this rule is meant to ensure a uniform standard of education, it creates a serious challenge for independent Low Fee Private Schools (LFPS)((PDF) Low Fee Private Schools and the Quality of Education in Pakistan, n.d.), especially those in crowded urban areas where land is scare and expensive. The research uses a mix method, including data from online survey form from school principals and owners and a detailed look at recent educational studies. Early results show a big gap in compliance, with many urban schools operating on less than 5 Marla, the data suggests that if the strict deadline of November 2026 is enforced, there could be a lot of school’s closures, leading to an "Educational Vacuum" and a rise in student dropouts, especially among girls from poorer neighbourhoods. The study also points out a growing risk of market dominance by large school chains, which might reduce the educational fairness and they are also more expensive in market. The research ends with a proposal for a “Zoning-Based Flexibility Model”, suggesting vertical development and covered spaces as better alternatives to rigid land size rules. These findings offer important guidance for PEF and the School Education Department (SED) to maintain quality while ensuring access to education for local communities
creator: Umais Akhtar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 215
ending page: 223
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.524

Faculty Satisfaction in their Trifocal Tasks Teaching, Research, and Services: A Gender and Designation Wise Comparison
type: item
description: The present study aimed to explore the faculty’s satisfaction level in their trifocal tasks (teaching, research, and administrative services) and their gender and designation wise comparison in universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The research design of the study was descriptive for which survey method was adopted to collect data from 320 faculty members of six public sector universities of KP selected by using multistage sampling technique. Data was collected from 218 male and 102 female faculty members out of which 17 were professor, 41 associate professor, 143 assistant professor and 119 were lecturer from different social and natural sciences departments. Questionnaire regarding faculty’s satisfaction level in teaching, research, and administrative services was used for data collection. Results reveals that
creator: Ammara Syed
creator: Javed Iqbal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-12
publication date: 2026-02-12
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 224
ending page: 235
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.525

Nature and Ecological Consciousness in Wordsworth’s Poetry: An Ecolinguistic Analysis
type: item
description: Existing studies tend to describe Wordsworth’s ecological imagination either through ecocritical exegesis or by quantifying the frequency of nature-related lexicon, rather than by closely analysing ecological constructions in language. Drawing on Arran Stibbe’s ecolinguistic framework of “stories we live by,” this paper qualitatively explores how Wordsworth’s poetry constructs, supports, questions, or complicates the cultural stories humans tell about our relationship to nature, and whether and how these patterns support ecological flourishing. Four poems were chosen to represent a range of Wordsworth’s ecological “positions” (The Tables Turned, The World Is Too Much With Us, Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud) and closely analyzed via a transparent coding process identifying recurrence across lines of evaluation, agency, metaphor/frame, identity/relationship, and salience/erasure. Results show that Wordsworth habitually constructs productive re-storying through endowing nonhumans with agency and aliveness, praising receptive modes of engagement with the more-than-human world over exploitation, and connecting material reality to ethics and affect. Conversely, the poems are also suggestive of an underlying tension: Nature is often legitimised through anthropocentric comforts of consolation and psychological well-being, indicating the reach of an anthropocentric boundary in what would otherwise be ecocentric language. The analysis above showed how ecolinguistics may offer a testable approach to literary interpretation and clarify Wordsworth's ecological vision at the discursive level.
creator: Wasim Ullah
creator: Dr. Muhammad Imran
creator: Rohila Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 236
ending page: 252
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.526

Individualization and Mental Well-Being among Youth: The Mediating Role of Social Disembedding
type: item
description: This paper examines the connection between individualization and mental wellbeing, evaluate the impact of individualization on social disembedding and determine the mediating role of social disembedding in the connection. These processes are particularly relevant to the case of young adults in the fast-urbanizing Pakistan, which experiences heightened self-responsibility in the context of diminished institutional support. The quantitative, cross-sectional design was adopted to gather survey data on 385 urban adults (18-35 years old) in Sargodha, Pakistan. Measurement of individualization, social disembedding and mental well-being was done using standardized scales. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test direct and indirect effects. Individualization was positively associated with mental well-being but also significantly increased social disembedding, which negatively affected mental well-being. Social disembedding partially mediated the relationship between individualization and mental well-being. Policies and interventions should strengthen community, family, and institutional support systems to mitigate the mental health costs of individualization in urban Pakistan.
creator: Areeba Rani
creator: Dr. Shahzad Khaver Mushtaq
creator: Saba Mehreen
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 253
ending page: 262
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.527

Exploring Teachers’ Role in Promoting Students’ Mental Health and Emotional Well Being in Secondary Schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
type: item
description: This study explores the role of teachers in promoting students’ mental health and emotional well-being in secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 teachers (10 males and 10 female). Thematic analysis revealed ten key themes: awareness of students’ mental health needs, emotional support, classroom strategies, teacher-student relationships, challenges in addressing mental health, school environment, awareness of emotional well-being, teacher training, parental and community engagement and personal reflection. Findings indicate that teachers play a central role in fostering students’ resilience, self-confidence, and emotional regulation, though their efforts are constrained by limited training, resources, large class sizes, and societal stigma. Female teachers highlighted additional gender-sensitive and cultural considerations, particularly for female students. The study recommends structured professional development, supportive school policies, parental involvement, interactive classroom strategies, and reflective teacher practices to enhance students’ mental health and emotional well-being. These insights provide guidance for policymakers, educators and school administrators in creating inclusive and supportive learning environments.
creator: Dr. Zahid Ullah
creator: Dr. Sumera Imran
creator: Nadia Farooq
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 263
ending page: 272
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.529

Constitutional Guarantees and Social Realities: Christian Minority Rights and the Prospects of Muslim–Christian Interfaith Harmony in Pakistan
type: item
description: This study examines the gap between constitutional guarantees and the lived realities of the Christian minority in Pakistan. It aims to assess whether existing legal protections translate into meaningful social, political, and economic rights, and to evaluate the prospects for sustainable Muslim–Christian interfaith harmony within the current institutional and societal framework. The Constitution of Pakistan formally guarantees fundamental rights, including freedom of religion, equality before law, and safeguards against discrimination. Articles 20, 22, 25, and 36 provide explicit protections for religious minorities. Despite these guarantees, Christian communities frequently report challenges related to social exclusion, economic marginalization, misuse of blasphemy laws, limited political representation, and vulnerabilities in employment and education sectors. This disconnect between constitutional text and social practice raises critical questions about state capacity, institutional enforcement, and the broader socio-political culture that shapes interfaith relations. This study adopts a qualitative research design based on document analysis, policy review, and semi-structured interviews with minority rights activists, legal experts, clergy members, and community representatives. Primary sources include constitutional provisions, judicial decisions, and policy documents, while secondary sources include scholarly literature, human rights reports, and media accounts. Thematic analysis is used to identify patterns of institutional gaps, social attitudes, and interfaith engagement mechanisms. The findings reveal a structural implementation gap between constitutional commitments and on-ground realities. While the legal framework provides formal protection, enforcement mechanisms remain weak and inconsistent. Social discrimination, limited access to justice, and politicization of religious identity continue to undermine minority security and inclusion. However, the stu…
creator: Muneer Masih
creator: Dr. Muhammad Munib Khalid
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 273
ending page: 285
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.530

From Fun to Function: Examining the Sequential Roles of Creative Self-Efficacy and Intrapreneurial Intention in Translating Workplace Fun into Employee Intrapreneurial Behavior
type: item
description: As a source of innovation and sustainable development, organizations will be interested in encouraging intrapreneurial behaviour among the employees in a highly dynamic and competitive business environment. The paper uses the social cognitive theory and intention-based models of entrepreneurship to determine the role the fun at work plays in shaping intrapreneurial behaviour of employees by the sequencing mediating effect of the creative self-efficacy and intrapreneurial intention of employees. The structured method of survey was used to collect data on 600 fulltime employees in the manufacturing organizations in Pakistan. The proposed hypotheses were tested with the help of the structural equation modeling and bootstrapping. The findings demonstrate that fun at workplaces directly influences intrapreneurial behaviour of employees. To this the relationship is also mediated by creative self-efficacy and intrapreneurial intention whose mediation effects are also large indicating that there is a process by which fun at the workplace and intrapreneurial behaviour are connected with each other which is also cognitive and motivational in nature. The research paper can be added to the literature on the field of the intrapreneurship as it demonstrates that fun at work is an effective organizational tool and it can improve the creative courage and entrepreneurial spirit of the employees.
creator: Maria
creator: Aamar Ilyas
creator: Amjad Hussain
creator: Zainab Asghar
creator: Rida Azmat
creator: Zainab Sohail
creator: Umm e Arbab
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-16
publication date: 2026-02-16
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 286
ending page: 300
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.531

Traumatic Impact of Dust Bowl in Hannah’s The Four Winds: A Psychoanalytic Critique
type: item
description: This study means to carry out a psychoanalytic critique of the Dust Bowl's traumatic impact as depicted in Kristin Hannah's novel The Four Winds. The Dust Bowl, a devastating ecological crisis in the 1930s, profoundly affected Americans' lives. The Four Winds explore the emotional and psychological aftermath of this disaster through its characters, notably Elsa Martinelli, as they grapple with the challenges of survival amid dust storms, economic collapse, and societal turmoil. This analysis delves into the psychological dimensions of trauma, resilience, and adaptation in the novel. It examines how the relentless hardships of the Dust Bowl strain the characters' mental and emotional well-being, with a particular focus on Elsa's journey. Her resilience and evolving mental state will offer insights into the human capacity to endure adversity. In conclusion, this psychological analysis of The Four Winds reveals how traumatic events, like the Dust Bowl, mold the human psyche, testing its limits while showcasing its potential for resilience and growth. By examining the novel's portrayal of trauma and recovery, this analysis likely to explain the lasting psychological impact of environmental catastrophes and the enduring strength of those who endure them.
creator: Muhammad Usman Jamil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 301
ending page: 321
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.532

Consumer Satisfaction as a Function of Strategic Management Practices: Evidence from Pakistani Firms
type: item
description: This study investigates the relationship between strategic management practices and consumer satisfaction among firms operating in Pakistan. Grounded in strategic management and consumer behavior theories, the research examines how planning, implementation, and evaluation strategies influence customer perceptions and loyalty. A quantitative research design was employed using a structured questionnaire administered to 300 respondents across manufacturing and service sectors. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and regression techniques. Findings reveal that effective strategic management practices significantly enhance consumer satisfaction by improving service quality, responsiveness, and innovation. Moreover, firms adopting proactive strategies demonstrate higher customer retention and loyalty levels. The study underscores the importance of aligning organizational strategy with consumer-centric goals to sustain competitiveness. Recommendations are provided for managers to strengthen strategic initiatives that foster long-term customer satisfaction and organizational performance.
creator: Shumaila Perveen
creator: Sidra Sohail
creator: Syed Zaheer Abbas
creator: Syeda Sughra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 322
ending page: 333
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.534

Prevalence of Learners with Speech and Language Impairments in Communication Skills at the Elementary Level
type: item
description: This​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌ study investigated the prevalence of speech and language difficulties (SLIs) in primary-level learners and the extent to which these problems impact their communication skills. The research, which used a descriptive quantitative design, obtained data of 300 students from 5 different elementary schools through several standardized instruments and teacher-administered questionnaires. The results indicated that 14.6% of the children had speech and language impairments to varying degrees. Moreover, the research uncovered that the number of males and children from multilingual families was higher among those with SLIs. The statistical techniques employed, such as t-test and ANOVA, showed that the differences in children performance in communication skills tasks due to their age and socioeconomic status were significant from a statistical point of ​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌view. The investigation emphasizes the indispensable requirement of screening and intervention programs at the early stage to equip learners with SLIs in academic and social spheres. This evidence nurtures the existing literature and thus, the study is a call for implementation of inclusive education as well as the essentiality of speech-language instruction at the primary ​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌level.
creator: Dr. Iram Muzzamil
creator: Dr. Gulshan Fatima Alvi
creator: Syed Zaheer Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 334
ending page: 351
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.535

Freedom of Expression in the Digital age: Effect of Prevention of Electronic Crime Act (PECA) on Pakistani Media
type: item
description: This study looks at how the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 affects freedom of expression in Pakistan, A especially as the country's digital media scene changes quickly. Based on the constitutional protection given in Article 19 of Pakistan's Constitution, the research explores how, lists, editors, media groups, and digital rights activists understand and deal with the restrictions from PECA. The study used a qualitative approach, including semi-structured interviews with media professionals and cyber law experts, along with a review of legal texts, court decisions, and other literature on digital governance and media rules in Pakistan. The results show that while PECA was meant to tackle online crimes and improve cybersquatting, its application has led to unexpected issues for press freedom and democratic discussion. Journalists say they are more likely to self-censor, face pressure from editors, and find it harder to do investigative reporting because they fear being prosecuted under unclear legal terms. Regulatory bodies have also interpreted the law broadly, allowing them to block certain content and intimidate media workers who publish different views or politically sensitive material. The study also points out that PECA has a bigger effect on underrepresented voices in the media, especially female journalists and digital content creators, who experience more online harassment and trolling. These gender-based challenges have limited their involvement in digital journalism, creating new kinds of inequality in access to free speech. When compared to international human rights standards, like Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the research finds that PECA doesn't meet the principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality needed to justify limits on speech. In general, the study argues that while some regulation is needed to deal with online harm and false information, PECA needs major changes to mak…
creator: Hassnain Ali
creator: Naimat Ullah Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-03
publication date: 2026-03-03
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 352
ending page: 377
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.536

An Introduction to Pakistan Electronic Crime Act
type: item
description: This research study is an introduction to Pakistan Electronic Crime Act which discusses the issues related to media regulations in Pakistan. The rapid growth of digital platforms has transformed communication, political participation, and public discourse, while also increasing challenges such as cyberbullying, online harassment, hate speech, misinformation, and privacy violations. In response, PECA 2016 was enacted to address cybercrime and regulate online spaces; however, concerns remain regarding its implementation, transparency, and impact on fundamental rights. This act has been the central point of discussion in many research inquiries and debates. PECA functions primarily as a protective mechanism for citizens or reflects broader structural and political dynamics within Pakistan’ s digital governance framework. The main themes of the research include regulatory effectiveness, institutional enforcement capacity, transparency and accountability, protection of freedom of expression, and the balance between national security and digital rights. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative content analysis, analysis of documents to evaluate how the regulatory framework operates in practice.it analyzes content removal powers, blocking authorities, and criminal penalties implemented by the PTA, assessing them through criteria such as legal clarity, fairness, accessibility, and measurable impact on reducing online harms.
creator: Sheraz Ali
creator: Khushboo Ali
creator: Muhammad Asghar Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 378
ending page: 390
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.537

The Impact of Forced Migration on Socio-Economic Condition of Migrants “A Case Study of District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa”
type: item
description: This study is an attempt to understand the impact of forced migration on the socio-economic condition of migrants in district Swat. The objectives of the study are to focus on the socio-economic condition of the forced-displaced community and its effects on their social mobility. The quantitative method was utilized for the conduction of the study. The primary data was collected from a total of 384 respondents through a stratified sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. Furthermore, univariate level data was analyzed through percentages and frequency distribution, and bivariate chi-square tests were applied to find the association between the study variables. The study found that forced displacement has badly affected several social, economic, political, psychological, cultural, and traditional effects. Besides, the study focused on both the upward and downward mobility of forced-displaced communities. Forced displacement sometimes also exposes people to new socio-economic opportunities. The forced displaced people adopt new professions and establish new businesses to earn livelihood in the host areas. The forced displaced people left their homes, properties, markets, and businesses, which badly affected their socioeconomic mobility. majority of the respondents i.e. 59.4% said that forced displacement affected the social mobility of migrants because their socio-economic condition was affected. While 58.6% of respondents said that forced displacement has effects on the social life of migrants. Most of the forced displaced people faced economic problems, a lack of education facilities, psychological problems, and living a low standard of life due to low income.
creator: Yaqoob Khan
creator: Dr. Saiful Islam
creator: Muzafar Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 391
ending page: 413
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.539

Munir Ahmad Badini as a Drama Writer: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: Munir Ahmad Badini occupies a notable position in Balochi literature mainly as a fiction writer; however, his contribution to Balochi drama remains equally significant and merits academic attention. Vigorously engagement in drama writing since the 1970s, Badini wrote numerous radio and television dramas for Radio Pakistan Quetta and PTV Bolan, Quetta Centre. Though his fictional works grew wider acceptance, his dramatic works represent a critical depiction of the Baloch society. Majority of Badini’s dramas are tragic in nature, reflecting the socio-cultural stiffnesses, moral dilemmas, and empirical struggles of Baloch life. His dramatic characters are deeply rooted in indigenous realities and represent the shared experiences of loss, resistance, and flexibility within Baloch society. Through tragic descriptions and complex characterizations, Badini discloses the fundamental causes of social grievances and highlights the structural challenges faced by the Baloch people. This paper illustrates the essence of Munir Ahmad Badini’s dramatic works, with specific focus on tragic description and its social roles. By examining selected dramas, the study aims to prove how tragedy functions as a literary tool through which Badini enunciates social critique and conserves the Baloch cultural awareness.
creator: Dr. Sharif Mir
creator: Dr. Hamid Ali Baloch
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 414
ending page: 421
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.540

The Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short Form: Urdu Translation and Validation in Pakistani Culture
type: item
description: The present study translated the Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short Form into Urdu and evaluated its psychometric properties among students at various universities and colleges in Pakistan. The forward-backward translation was carried out, followed by a pilot testing to determine the clarity and cultural appropriateness of the translated version with 20 participants. Then, the main study was conducted with 400 students (200 males, 200 females; aged between 18 and 30 years) who completed the Urdu BTPS-SF online. The analysis revealed satisfactory internal consistency of the scale (α = .837) and acceptable reliability of the subscales: Rigid Perfectionism (α = .714), Self-Critical Perfectionism (α = .729), and Narcissistic Perfectionism (α = .653). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized three-factor structure: CMIN/DF = 2.455, IFI = .903, CFI = .902, TLI = .877, RMSEA = .060. The composite reliability values were adequate for Rigid and Self-Critical Perfectionism: 0.736 and 0.711, respectively. The findings slightly fell short of the threshold criteria for Narcissistic Perfectionism, which had a value of 0.621. The evidence for convergent validity was partial, whereas the discriminant validity could not be fully established. However, the interrelatedness of the perfectionism dimensions is conceptually explained. In all, the Urdu version of the BTPS-SF is a reliable and culturally relevant multidimensional perfectionism measure that provides a valid means for conducting research and practical applications.
creator: Syeda Raiha
creator: Imran Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 422
ending page: 435

Serving Vessels and Social Archaeology: Interpreting Pedestaled Ceramics of the Indus Civilization
type: item
description: After first discovery of Indus Civilization in 1829 by Charles Mason British Officers an attentive notice initiated. The reports and results from Harappa excavation confirmed after Mohenjo-Daro excavation. Consequently, the existence of a huge civilization was agreed throughout the globe having its contemporariness with Mesopotamia and Egypt was attested. The absence of deciphered textual records, paintings on the walls of large palaces and tombs and other type of definite remains have resulted ambiguity in numerous basic concepts about the Indus Civilization. The slow and bit-by-bit discovered data interpretive comprehension provides the clarity of the cultural issues. Till now, the social organization of 2600–1900 BCE phase remains partially understood. Thus, the present paper examines the ceramics and a distinctive category of pedestaled vessels such as Dish-on-Stand (DoS), Bowl-on-Stand (BoS), and Cup-on-Stand (CoS). are further explored for grasping the patterns of social behavior, food practices, and symbolic display within Indus society. Sketching on archaeological evidence from multi-tiered settlement pattern across the Indus domain. Pedestaled vessels are interpreted not merely as utilitarian containers but as serving devices associated with presentation of personal and communal feasting, and possibly ritualized practices. Within the framework of social archaeology, this study argues that pedestaled ceramic vessels functioned as material mediators of social relations, reflecting norms of community integration, and symbolic communication in the Indus world. The discussion surrounds the make utility and availability of food vessels, the types and kinds of serving utensils with focus on the make as simple verses complex procedures; frequent and infrequent use; ritual and regular use and their physical appearance expressing the status division in given society. The significance of present work is fabricated in new direction of perceiving the results about socia…
creator: Dr. Tooba Shafaq Rajput
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 436
ending page: 457
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.542

Tradition and Transformation: Social Change in Rural Pakhtun Society
type: item
description: Social change is a universal and continuous phenomenon that influences all aspects of human life. Societies constantly evolve due to technological innovation, economic development, political transformation, and cultural interaction. Traditional societies, including Pakhtun society, have historically been characterized by strong cultural norms and social institutions. However, globalization, education, communication technologies, and modernization have significantly transformed these structures. This study examines the relationship between society, culture, and social change and analyzes their impacts on rural Pakhtun society. The research discusses theoretical perspectives on social change and explores changes in social values, economic structures, education, culture, and communication in rural Pakhtun communities. The study concludes that while modernization has improved living standards and opportunities, it has also altered traditional social structures and cultural practices.
creator: Saiful Islam
creator: Sajjad Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 558
ending page: 460
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.543

The Role of Showbiz Towards Erupting Extremism and Liberalism A Sociological Analysis of Pakistani Culture and Showbiz
type: item
description: This study mainly focused on the role of media behind the ongoing ideological conflict between the evolving cultural values of liberals and the conventional culture of conservatives. The way Pakistani media depicts the content having LGBTQ+ representation makes their intentions obvious to normalize this phenomenon in Pakistani society where the majority of people follow the conventional religious values in their lives. The people of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan are showing their serious concerns about this type of depiction. In this study, researchers chose two movies (Zindagi Tamasha and Joyland) and one drama (Barzukh). Researchers drew the arguments based on analysis and comments of the public that were taken as very emotive by the society. According to the Pakistani audience, the themes of these movies and serials created controversies among the viewers. That’s why researchers selected these particular movies and dramas. The majority of Pakistani people were against this kind of content, and they were not in favor of considering themselves as part of this culture that claims to be modern liberal. They were seen disowning these kinds of values propagated through such movies and dramas. The need of the hour is, that showbiz and the media must take into account the major social problems to be discussed and highlighted, such as honor killing, mob lynching, and other social and ethical dilemmas as compared to the issues that are not concerned and disliked by the majority of people.
creator: Muhammad Khuzaimah
creator: Adeel Ur Rehman
creator: Syeda Raiha
creator: Saqib Rabbani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-16
publication date: 2026-03-16
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 461
ending page: 468
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.545

“A Comparative Study to Assess Effects of Social Media (Facebook) on Academic Performance among Extrovert and Introvert Personality Females of Government Medical University Student aged (18 – 25)”
type: item
description: A Comparative study to assess the effects of Social Media (Facebook) on academic performance among extrovert introvert female final year students of Medical Technology Department at Jinnah Sindh Medical University aged (18 – 25). Background: Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004 while he was a student at Harvard University. Until 2006, Facebook allowed anyone over the age of 13 with a valid email address nowadays, Facebook is the world's largest social network with more than 1 billion users worldwide. The use of the Internet, such as Facebook, affects the learning of the majority of students as it prevents them from devoting valuable time to academic aspiration. Some students reported being able to control how long they used Internet programs, but most said they didn't know when to stop. Question: How Extreme Facebook Usage is affecting Academic Performance of Extroverts and Introverts Student? Objectives: • To assess the extrovert and introvert personality, social media (Facebook) usage and its effects on academic performance of female students of Medical Technology Department? • To find out the association between effects of Facebook on academic performance among introvert and extrovert female students of Medical Technology department (Final year) at Jinnah Sindh Medical University. Methodology: The study was comparative in nature. This was a qualitative research. Convenient sampling method was used for data collection. This study was conducted at Jinnah Sindh Medical University Undergraduate (Final year) Extroverts and Introverts Student aged 18 – 25. The sample consisted of total 62 Student Out of which 33 Extroverts Student and 29 Introverts Student. The sample was taken by using Online Questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of a total 25 Question out which 5 Questions were Demographic 8 questions for Personality Assessment by using Introversion Scale, 4 Questions for Facebook Usage by using Bergan Facebook Addiction Scale and 8 questions for Acad…
creator: Rabel Mangi
creator: Shahab uddin Shaikh
creator: Noreen Novroz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 469
ending page: 486
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.546

A Translanguaging Investigation of International Students Experience with Urdu and English as their non-native Language in a Private University in Lahore
type: item
description: International students face many challenges when studying abroad. This study assesses the socio-psycholinguistic dynamics of foreign students at a Pakistani university. The population for this study consists of foreign university students studying at a Pakistani university. The study's sample is drawn from university students. This research examines the socio-psycholinguistic dynamics that non-native university students encounter in a Pakistani classroom where English and Urdu are the main teaching languages. The study highlights the mutually reinforcing link between language and social interaction, highlighting how individual origins, linguistic varieties, and sociocultural environments affect language acquisition success. This study aims to uncover the intricacies of language learning in a multicultural classroom by examining the psychological and sociocultural challenges foreign students face, including identity issues, communication difficulties, and feelings of loneliness. To better understand the lived experiences of international students and offer recommendations to improve their integration and learning outcomes, the study uses a quantitative research approach and a Likert scale to collect data. The results likely help teachers better understand the varied requirements of non-native students and promote a more welcoming classroom environment that considers students' diverse language and cultural backgrounds. Ultimately, this study advances our knowledge of how language, identity, and social dynamics interact in higher education environments.
creator: Anum Hanif
creator: Afra Seyab
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 487
ending page: 497
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.547

Balancing Global and Local: English Language Policy and Cultural Preservation in the Philippines
type: item
description: The language policy in the multilinguals societies tends to show the contradiction between global communication and local culture maintenance. This paper addresses the impacts of prioritization of the English language in the Philippines on the socio-cultural activities and preservation of indigenous languages. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, which forms the basis of the study through the use of interviews as a source of research data. The data offer an understanding of how the participants perceive the prioritization of English language and their competency and level of language use. The results will endeavor to point out the influence of the increased focus of the English language on individual identity, education process and socializing among the Filipino communities. Concurrently, the paper also looks into issues touching on the maintenance of local languages and cultural heritage in the context of the growing globalization of language. Through the study of these dynamics, the research is relevant to the debate on the policy of languages as the researchers highlight the importance of a moderate means of strengthening the English language at the expense of the local languages and cultural backgrounds. Finally, the research provides information to policy makers and educators when developing policies in education and linguistics that address the dynamics of multilingual societies such as the Philippines. The results aim to encourage more inclusive language use, which facilitates the global interaction as well as maintenance of linguistic and cultural diversity.
creator: Rahat Munir
creator: Zia Ullah
creator: Faiza Latif
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 498
ending page: 507
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.548

Traditional Sociological Myths and Social Exclusion: Examining the Moderating Role of Education, Media Exposure, and Social Awareness in Sindh
type: item
description: This paper analyses the effect of the conventional sociological myths on social exclusion in Sindh, Pakistan and explores the moderating abilities of education, exposure to media and social consciousness. Based on a positivist philosophy and quantitative cross-sectional design, a survey was used to collect data on 193 respondents on the basis of a structured survey. The independent variables were measured using seven sociological myths, which were social hierarchy, gender role fixity, moral deviance, cultural incompatibility, economic dependency, social contagion, and religious/cultural justification, and social exclusion was the dependent variable. The analysis was performed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. Findings suggest that all the seven myths have a great impact on social exclusion, with social hierarchy and cultural incompatibility having the most significant impacts. The moderation analysis helps to understand that the influence of these myths is reduced by education, media exposure, and social awareness, and their protective effect is revealed. The research highlights the role of awareness, inclusive education and media interventions in the reduction of exclusion and the social equity in Sindh.
creator: Dr. Hamida Narijo
creator: Dr. Najia Shaikh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 508
ending page: 523

Algorithmic Mediation and Student Creativity: Large Language Models, Academic Writing, and the Convergence of Ideas in Irish Higher Education
type: item
description: The growing use of large language models in higher education has intensified debate about their influence on student writing and creative development. Existing research has often focused on the practical value of these systems for brainstorming, drafting, and improving efficiency in academic tasks. Less attention has been given to whether regular reliance on algorithmic support affects students’ confidence in generating ideas independently or contributes to greater similarity in written work. This study examines these questions through a quantitative survey of 150 undergraduate and postgraduate students from three Irish institutions: University College Cork, the University of Galway, and Maynooth University. Participants came from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, and the sample was broadly balanced by gender, comprising 78 female and 72 male students. The survey explored patterns of generative AI use, perceptions of creative self-efficacy, and student views on similarity in academic ideas and written work. The findings indicate a mixed pattern. Many respondents associated ChatGPT with faster idea generation, improved productivity, and useful support during drafting. At the same time, a notable proportion reported greater difficulty developing ideas without assistance and expressed concern that their work was becoming more similar to that of other students using the same tools. Overall, 68.7 per cent believed that their ideas had become more similar to those of other ChatGPT users, while 72.0 per cent reported that ideas they had initially regarded as original later appeared to reflect common AI-generated suggestions. These findings suggest that the educational benefits of AI-assisted writing may coexist with concerns about originality, cognitive dependence, and reduced diversity in academic expression. The study contributes to current debates on cognitive offloading, standardisation in academic writing, and creative development in AI-mediated learning environmen…
creator: Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal
creator: Majed E. Alenazi
creator: Abdulaziz Zaid Albasheer
creator: Saud Rashad Alanazi
creator: Abdulaziz Sami Alsalman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 524
ending page: 541
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.550

A Comparative Analysis of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Laws in Pakistan and the United Kingdom
type: item
description: Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) serve as a vital tool for mobilizing private capital and expertise to address infrastructure deficits, particularly in developing and developed economies alike. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of the PPP legal and regulatory frameworks in Pakistan and the United Kingdom. Pakistan’s regime is anchored in the federal Public Private Partnership Authority Act, 2017 (as amended in 2020–2022), supplemented by provincial statutes such as the Sindh PPP Act 2010 and the Punjab PPP Act 2025. These enactments establish dedicated authorities, prescribe standardized procurement processes and promote sector-specific risk allocation to attract investment in a nascent yet rapidly evolving market. In contrast, the United Kingdom’s long-established PPP model, originating with the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) in 1992 and refined through PF2 reforms and guidance from the Infrastructure and Projects Authority, operates without a single overarching statute. It relies instead on policy directives, standard contracts and iterative lessons from decades of implementation, emphasizing value-for-money, transparency and effective hand back mechanisms. Through doctrinal and comparative legal research, this article evaluates institutional structures, procurement procedures, risk distribution, financing models and dispute resolution mechanisms. The findings highlight the UK’s strengths in standardization and investor confidence alongside Pakistan’s flexible, decentralized approach, which faces challenges in capacity building and regulatory predictability. The study concludes with targeted recommendations for Pakistan to adopt UK best practices while preserving contextual adaptations, thereby enhancing PPP efficacy for sustainable infrastructure development in both jurisdictions.
creator: Aurang Zaib Ashraf Shami
creator: Furqan Raza
creator: Arslan Haider
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 542
ending page: 558
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.551

Teacher Training in Digital Media for Special Education: Developing Skills in Accessibility, Content Creation, and Inclusive Technologies
type: item
description: This research aimed to study the incorporation of digital media by teachers in special education, with a focus on accessibility, content creation, and inclusive technologies. Quantitative research design was employed, and the data gathered from 350 special education teachers using a structured questionnaire. The study investigated teacher’s digital competence, training experiences, and variations among demographic groups. Results indicated teachers possessed a moderately positive level of digital media competence, and accessibility skills were their strongest area followed by content creation and use of inclusive technology. Significant differences based on gender, type of institution, formal digital training age qualification, and teaching experience were established, however no significant difference was discovered in areas of specialization. The study discussed that formal training was the most influential factor in enhancing teachers’ digital competence for inclusive education. It was suggested that teacher education programs should offer well-designed accessibility, digital content development, and inclusive technologies training courses to be able to contribute to education of special children participating in digitally supported learning environment.
creator: Binish Jamil
creator: Dr. Asmaa Azeem
creator: Syed Zaheer Abbas
creator: Dr. Musarrat Habib
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 559
ending page: 578

Book Review: Literature and the Experience of Globalisation: Texts Without Borders by Svend Erik Larsen
type: item
description: This review focuses on the book Literature and the Experience of Globalisation: Texts Without Borders (2017) by Svend Erik Larsen. It brings out the fundamental argument that literature is an important medium in understanding the role of globalisation, shaping culture, emotions and society. Larsen argues that literature does more than merely reflect on cross-border experiences; it also humanises globalisation by posing questions of self-identity, memory, migration, communication, and translation. Moreover, the review describes the book in its two parts, demonstrating how Larsen makes literature a place of confluence of global and local realities, where dominant narratives are problematized, and where readers are encouraged to rethink reality, nuances of belonging, and cultural mobility. Furthermore, a critical perspective is provided in a review. It notes that Larsen pays limited attention to the role of literature in reproducing global inequalities, the work of translators and publishing industries, and that of women’s writing and feminist translation studies. It also suggests that the book does not sufficiently discuss the impact of globalisation on family forms and intimate relationships, especially in Eastern cultural contexts.
creator: Afifa Firdaus
creator: Irbab Younis Hakim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 579
ending page: 583

Self-Perception, Behavioural, and Peer Relationship Problems in Adolescents in Public Schools of Karachi
type: item
description: Purpose: This is a pilot study that observes the interchange of self-perception, behavioural problems, and peer relationship challenges among adolescents in Karachi's public schools, where socioeconomic challenges, cultural pressures, and limited mental health resources intensify susceptibilities, leading to reduced academic performance and well-being. The research aims to investigate the interconnections of self-perception, peer relationships, and behavioural issue. It also evaluates behavioural modifications in educational settings and identifies prompting factors while recommending school-based interventions to foster resilience. A qualitative approach was applied, in which initially surveys were conducted to identify the targeted audience followed by semi-structured interviews with students aged 13-18 years old and a few teachers from the public sector. Data collection took place during October-December 2025, with thematic analysis used for transcriptions to gain qualitative insights, accompanied by survey metrics. This thematic analysis unveiled three interconnected themes: (1) socioeconomic and familial constraints (e.g., language barriers, financial burdens and development of inferiority complexes); (2) gendered differences (e.g., boys' after-school work, girls' household chores reducing academic motivation); and (3) support system gaps (e.g., lack of parental involvement declining teacher efforts). These factors cyclically weaken self-perception, strengthen anxiety/depression, and hinder peer relations, aligning with prior studies on resource-limited Pakistani contexts. Implement targeted interventions, including regular self-perception workshops, scheduled behavioural support sessions, anti-bullying peer systems, and parent-teacher relations to address socioeconomic influences. These holistic strategies can enhance mental health literacy and resilience, informing policy for unbiased school environments.
creator: Tasneem Saifuddin (PhD)
creator: Sarah Zahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-19
publication date: 2026-01-19
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 584
ending page: 594
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.554

An Investigation of Teachers’ Attitudes and Beliefs towards Differentiated Instruction for Students with Disabilities
type: item
description: This study aimed to examine the attitudes and beliefs of teachers towards differentiated instruction for students with disabilities, assess the level of support required for its effective implementation, and explore factors influencing these attitudes. A descriptive research design was employed, and data were collected using an adapted version of the Attitudes towards Differentiated Instruction Scale (ADIS) originally developed by Letzel, Pozas, and Schneider (2020). The modified instrument consisted of 31 items. The findings revealed that teachers demonstrated moderately positive attitudes towards differentiated instruction, with overall mean scores indicating a neutral to slightly favorable stance. While respondents acknowledged the importance of addressing diverse learning needs, some misconceptions persisted, such as the belief that all students learn similarly. Teachers also reported concerns regarding time constraints and challenges in individualizing instruction. Analysis across the domains of content, process, and product showed moderate agreement, with some variability in responses, indicating differences in perceptions and experiences among teachers. Furthermore, no significant gender-based differences were found in teachers’ attitudes and beliefs. The study highlights the need for targeted professional development, institutional support, and collaborative practices to enhance the effective implementation of differentiated instruction. Addressing practical challenges and promoting evidence-based strategies can strengthen teachers’ capacity to meet the diverse needs of students with disabilities and improve inclusive classroom practices.
creator: Nimra Maryam
creator: Sayyeda Rabia Basri
creator: Muhammad Kashif
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 595
ending page: 607
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.556

Investment Efficiency and Stock Price Crash Risk: Unveiling Board Governance amidst Informative Asymmetry
type: item
description: Abstract With the increasing concern regarding distortions related to corporate investments and the fact of stock price collapses, it has become an ultimate interest for finance scholars and practitioners to understand the relationship between firm-level investment decisions and market stability. After the realization of previously concealed information, stock price crash risk exists where negative information holds a level of exposure within information environments. This research examines the connection between investment efficiency and the danger associated with stock price crashes and seeks to investigate information asymmetry as a mediating variable and board governance quality as a moderating variable. The study provides a quantitative study of panel data of non-financial firms classified on the Pakistan stock exchange, across an interval of years, and utilizes mediation and moderation methods through regression analysis to establish that such relationships exist to the degree outlined. The findings reveal that investment efficiency has a negative and significant effect on stock price crash risk, indicating that efficient investment decisions reduce the likelihood of extreme negative stock returns. Information asymmetry negatively affects investment efficiency and mediates the relationship between investment efficiency and crash risk, suggesting that efficient investment reduces crash risk partly through enhancing transparency. Board effectiveness directly reduces information asymmetry and strengthens the negative relationship between investment efficiency and information asymmetry. Leverage shows protective effects against crash risk while constraining investment efficiency, highlighting capital structure trade-offs. The findings contribute to agency theory by demonstrating how investment efficiency, information asymmetry, and board governance interact to influence stock price stability. For practitioners, improving investment efficiency and strengthening boa…
creator: Khalid Mahmood Ahmad
creator: Dr. Ramiz ur Rehman
creator: Tayyaba Tariq
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-19
publication date: 2026-03-19
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 608
ending page: 626
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.558

Narratives of Trauma: Rejection and Psychological Disintegration in Elif Shafak’s 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World
type: item
description: This study explores the psychological impact of interpersonal rejection on identity formation in 10 Minutes 8 Seconds in This Strange World. The study is also analyzes how familial and interpersonal rejection influences the psychological development of the protagonist in 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World. The study used qualitative research methodology in which data collection was conducted using the primary text of 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World. A purposive selection of narrative episodes in which familial neglect, abuse, interpersonal rejection, and relationships were selected for analysis. The study is also grounded in Interpersonal Acceptance-Rejection Theory, which is used in explaining the impact of interpersonal rejection on identity formation. The findings indicate that rejection plays an imperative role in an individual’s life, commencing with parental rejection in early life and progressing through social and structural rejection, which finally manifests itself in emotional instability, inner shame, and fragmented identity. The analysis also indicates that rejection is not an individual experience but is closely linked with patriarchal and socio-cultural structures, which further emphasizes rejection in various stages of an individual’s life. Although alternative communities provide some emotional support, it is not an adequate solution to alleviate the effects of early rejection. This research contributes to an emerging body of interdisciplinary scholarship through its integration of psychology and literary analysis, which provides an in-depth understanding of the role of fictional works in depicting inner psychological processes and also emphasizes the importance of IPARTheory in analyzing themes of trauma, marginalization, and humanity.
creator: Shoukat Khan
creator: *Imtiaz Ahmed Afridi
creator: Ghulam Murtaza
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-19
publication date: 2026-03-19
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 627
ending page: 639
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.559

A Systematic Review on Intervention for Managing Embitterment
type: item
description: Embitterment and its clinical counterpart, Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorder (PTED) are important psychological reactions to perceived injustice, humiliation and moral injury that has not been sufficiently met by the conventional treatments of trauma or mood disorders. This is a systematic literature review of the intervention based quantitative and qualitative studies on embitterment. The number of empirical studies was 13 based on the randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs, and longitudinal interventions. The results have shown that wisdom-based cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, expressive writing therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), logotherapy, narrative therapy, and digital mental fitness programs have a significant effect in reducing levels of embitterment and enhancing emotional regulation and coping skills. In general, the results are consistent with the effectiveness therapeutic interventions that combine cognitive restructuring, meaning making, acceptance, and emotional regulation.
creator: Batool
creator: Zartashia Kynat Javaid
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-21
publication date: 2026-03-21
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 640
ending page: 656

The Role of Showbiz Towards Erupting Extremism and Liberalism
type: item
description: This study mainly focused on the role of media behind the ongoing ideological conflict between the evolving cultural values of liberals and the conventional culture of conservatives. The way Pakistani media depicts the content having LGBTQ+ representation makes their intentions obvious to normalize this phenomenon in Pakistani society where the majority of people follow the conventional religious values in their lives. The people of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan are showing their serious concerns about this type of depiction. In this study, researchers chose two movies (Zindagi Tamasha and Joyland) and one drama (Barzukh). Researchers drew the arguments based on analysis and comments of the public that were taken as very emotive by the society. According to the Pakistani audience, the themes of these movies and serials created controversies among the viewers. That’s why researchers selected these particular movies and dramas. The majority of Pakistani people were against this kind of content, and they were not in favor of considering themselves as part of this culture that claims to be modern liberal. They were seen disowning these kinds of values propagated through such movies and dramas. The need of the hour is, that showbiz and the media must take into account the major social problems to be discussed and highlighted, such as honor killing, mob lynching, and other social and ethical dilemmas as compared to the issues that are not concerned and disliked by the majority of people.
creator: Muhammad Khuzaimah
creator: Adeel Ur Rehman
creator: Syeda Raiha
creator: Saqib Rabbani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-05
publication date: 2026-04-05
volume: 4
number: 1
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.544

The Content Analysis of the Drama Serial “Razia” Focusing On Gender Stereotyping
type: item
description: The drama industry significantly influences the representation of a nation's culture and societal norms. This study focuses on the Express channel’s influential drama serial "Razia," which illustrates how a patriarchal society impacts the well-being of women. By delving deeply into cultural and stereotypical norms, the study examines how gender roles and expectations are shaped by biological identification. It highlights the struggles women face against gendered stereotypes and patriarchal dominance from childhood through adulthood. Employing a qualitative research design, the study utilizes content analysis to interpret raw material into meaningful themes and subthemes. Data was analyzed through the content of the "Razia" script, revealing that patriarchy and gender discrimination are central to family dynamics and that misogynistic behavior undermines female identity. The findings emphasize themes of reawakening, resistance, and surrender to patriarchal norms, reflecting the challenges women face in voicing resistance against discrimination and humiliation.
creator: Tayyaba Zahid
creator: Ayesha Khalil
creator: Hafiz Amanaullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-23
publication date: 2026-03-23
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 657
ending page: 681
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.561

From Deterrence to Disequilibrium: Rethinking Nuclear Proliferation in a Multipolar World
type: item
description: This article theorizes the transformation of nuclear deterrence under conditions of emerging multipolarity, arguing that the contemporary nuclear order is increasingly characterized by strategic disequilibrium rather than stable deterrence equilibrium. Classical deterrence theory, predicated on bipolarity, rational actor assumptions, and relatively stable escalation ladders, inadequately accounts for the proliferation incentives and crisis instability generated by today’s fragmented strategic environment. The study contends that multipolar nuclear politics are shaped by asymmetric force modernization, selective and contested norm enforcement within the non-proliferation regime, and the entanglement of nuclear dynamics with dual-use technological domains, including cyber and space systems. Methodologically, the article employs a qualitative comparative design combining process tracing and thematic analysis across three analytically diverse cases: South Asia (India–Pakistan dyad), the Korean Peninsula (North Korea’s nuclear consolidation), and great-power triangularity (United States–China–Russia strategic relations). Empirical material is drawn from official policy documents, IAEA and NPT regime archives, elite interviews, and authoritative policy and think-tank assessments. The analysis identifies three interlocking mechanisms assurance deficits, normative asymmetry, and technological diffusion—that systematically mediate the shift from deterrence stability to disequilibrium. The article advances a mid-range theoretical framework integrating neorealist structural logics with constructivist insights on norm contestation, offering a refined conceptualization of deterrence dynamics under multipolarity. It concludes that strategic disequilibrium is not episodic but structurally embedded in the evolving nuclear order, with significant implications for regime legitimacy and crisis stability.
creator: Tariq Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 682
ending page: 697
doi: 10.71145/rjsp.v4i1.562

Perceived Attitudes of Peers towards Students with Disabilities: An Examination of the Experiences and Social Interactions of Students with Disabilities in Higher Education Settings
type: item
description: This paper examine how the disabled students perceive attitudes of their peers, and how such a perception influences their social lives and emotional experience in the higher institutions learning. A quantitative descriptive survey design was employed to gather the data when 150 undergraduate students with different forms of disability were surveyed using a structured questionnaire on their perceptions of peer attitudes, social interaction, accessibility, and emotional impact. The group differences in terms of demographic variables (gender, age, disability type and field of study) were tested by use of descriptive statistics, t-tests and one-way ANOVA. The results suggest a multidimensional trend of experiences, and most participants indicated respectful treatment, peers being ready to learn about disability, and their participation in academic activities, as well as significant cases of exclusion, negative judgments, and reduced expectations. Findings also indicate that the availability of social and academic surroundings, along with institutional provisions to interact with peers, play a major role in determining the sense of belonging and campus community within the students. The paper highlights the importance of specific awareness campaigns, peer support systems, and inclusive campus planning to enhance social inclusion and emotional status of students with disabilities in higher institutions of learning. Policy implications, educator training, and disability-support services are addressed to achieve fairer and more inclusive higher education settings. ​
creator: Dr. Zahida Perveen
creator: Dr. Syeda Beenish Batool
creator: Rimsha Sajjad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 4
number: 1
starting page: 698
ending page: 712