The Role of Khan and Malik in Voting Behavior: A Case Study of Union Council (UC) Chakdara

Abstract

This study analyze the significant impact of local elites specifically Khan and Malik on the voting patterns of residents in Union Council Chakdara, situated in the Lower Dir District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The objective is to determine whether traditional power dynamics continue to dictate electoral decisions or if new trends are emerging, particularly among the youth. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes purposive sampling to identify four key participants, including voters, young individuals, and those knowledgeable about local electoral processes. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and analyzed thematically. The results indicate that social connections, economic reliance, and personal relationships still significantly influence voter behavior, especially among older demographics. Nonetheless, a shift is evident among younger, educated voters who tend to prioritize candidate qualifications, ideological beliefs, and public service records over traditional loyalties. The study also notes a gradual decline in the influence of Khan and Malik, attributed to rising political consciousness and education levels. In light of these findings, the research advocates for enhanced voter education, increased political engagement among youth and women, the promotion of democratic principles through public discourse, and the mitigation of elite influence during elections. Additionally, it recommends the adoption of electoral reforms and technological innovations such as Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) to promote transparency. Ultimately, the study concludes that while local elites still wield considerable influence, a positive shift towards democratic progress is emerging, fueled by awareness, education, and generational change.