From Clicks to Conflicts: Examining the Role of Social Media Algorithms in Political Polarization across Democratic Nations

Abstract

The research investigates the impact of social media algorithms on political polarization within democratic nations by analysing three different countries name the United States, United Kingdom, and India. Social media applications Facebook along with X and YouTube use algorithms to personalize user content feeds hence reinforcing current beliefs hence strengthening political echo chambers. Echo chambers act as enhancers for political divisions because they diminish contact with various viewpoints thus promoting polarization. The research uses content analysis together with surveys and expert interviews to measure how algorithms affect political discussions in these countries. Social media algorithms persistently promote content that makes political polarization worse regardless of the political environments. Regulatory measures must be put into place to combat these undesirable effects because they create unbalanced public conversations.