Interference of Elites in third Tier of Government in Punjab

Abstract

This study investigates the widespread interference of the Punjab elites in the third tier of the government and how this interference is obstructing governance, transparency, and grassroots development. Elite dominance in the region is established through the manipulation of elections, control of development funds, and influence over the administrative decisions of local governments but not only, but also undermines the autonomy and effectiveness of the latter. Although constitutionally provided for a decentralization process, institutional and socio political inequalities, patronage networks, all oblige elites to seize local governance systems, by diverting necessary resources and under delivering basic public services. A qualitative research approach is employed based on semi structured interviews with local government officials, community leaders, and governance experts to bring to understanding the nature, extent and impact of the elite interference. These findings show that elite capture not only undermines service delivery and increases socio economic disparities, but that it also erodes public trust in democratic institutions and impedes participation by marginalized groups. Legal and institutional reforms to enhance accountability, transparency and community participation in local governance are an urgent task that is highlighted by the research. The key recommendations are for improving legal frameworks promoting participatory budgeting, reducing patronage politics, empowering marginalized groups, using technology to enable transparent and inclusive governance. Through this study, we add to the larger debate on decentralization and governance in general and offer specific action points on how to deal with the problem of elite interference and strengthen the third tier of government in Punjab.